Propelling mechanism.



J A. HORNE.

PROPELLING MECHANISM. APPLICATION.FILED UCT- 3. 1916- RE NEWED FEB. 9I918.

Patented July 30, 1 918.

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PROPELLING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3' l9l6- RENEWED FEB. 9,l9l8.' 1 374,044, Patented July 30,1918.

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PROPELLING MECHANISM; APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3, Hi6. RENEWED FEB. 9,I918- 3mm L7 5x7601716 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented July 30, 1918.

J. A. HORNE.

PRQPELLING MECHANISM. APPLICATION. FILE/D on. a. 1916. RENEWED FEB. 9.ms.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. HORNE, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

PROPELLING MECHANISM.

Application filed October 3, 1916, Serial No. 123563; Renewed February9, 1918. Serial No. 216,402.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JAMES A. HORNE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Den ver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Propelling Mechanism, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in propelling mechanism and hasfor one of its objects to provide a device which is particularlyadaptable to either water or air craft, and to water or air craft ofvarying forms and sizes, without requiring material changes in the bullsof water craft or in the framework and other parts of air craft.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device which maybeactuated to propel the craft to which it is attached either forwardly orbackwardly, and the propelling mechanism arranged to operate to propelthe craft forwardly at one side and rearwardly at the opposite side, tocontrol the steering and the turning of the craft within a short space.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device which may beapplied as a ventilator or to produce strong air currents whererequired. I

\Vith these and other objects in view, the

invention consists in certain novel features of construction, ashereinafter shown and described and then specifically pointed out in theclaims; and in the drawings illustrative of the preferred embodiment ofthe invention Figure 1 is a plan view, and

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the improved device applied to a watercraft;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the water craft with the sidebroken away to disclose the construction of a portion of the operatingmachinery;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged elevation of one of the buckets with thesupporting frame in section on the line of Fig.1;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 55 of Fig. +1;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation illustrating a modification the constructionof the operating mechanism;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the modification shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. 1, illustrating a modification in thecontrolling and operating mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a portion of Specification of LettersPatent. Patented July 30, 1918 the frame of an air craft, or aeroplanewith I the improved propeller attached;

Fig; 10 is a'front elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a detail view of the improved device applied to the hull ofawater craft ,7

with the improved propeller mechanism shown fully submerged;

Fig. 12 is a detail view illustrating the manner of employing theimproved device as a ventilator;

Fig. 13 is a plan view of a portion of one side of a boat illustratinganother. modified arrangement of the driving mechanism; i Fig. 11 is aside elevation of the modified structure shown inFig. 13, with a portionof the hull of the vessel broken away.

The improved device may be applied to the hulls of water craft or theframe of air craft of various TOI'IUS. and sizes, and it is not desiredto limit the invention in any manner v in this respect, but for thepurpose of illustration is shown in Figs. 1,2, 3, 6, 7 and 8 applied tothe hull of a yacht and in Figs. 9 and 10 to the frame of a conventionalaeroplane. The hull of the yacht is represented conventionally at 10 andthe propelling mechanism is shown arranged to be actuated by a suitablemotor, represented conventionally at 11.

The improved propelling apparatus when 7 applied to a water craftincludes hollow shafts 12 extending in opposite directions through thewalls of the hull of the vessel at any suitable point and supported forrotation in standards 13. The inner portions of the tubular shafts thusextend within the hull of the vessel while the outer portions extendbeyond the hull of the vessel as shown in Fig. 1. In the arrangement ofthe mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the inner H mechanism is notshown, as it forms no part of the present invention. I

Extending from the portion of each tubular shaft externally of the hullof the boat are arms 17 each pair of arms being provided at their outerends with a pivot shaft 18. Rigidly connected to each pivot shaftbetween each coacting pair of arms 17 is a bucket 19, the latter beingpreferably semicircular transversely and closed at the ends as shown inFigs. 4 and 5. Each bucket is provided with an opening 20 closed by avalve 21 hingedly united at 22 to the inner face of the bucket. Thevalve 21 thus swings inwardly and admits water from the outside but willnot permit water to pass from the inside of the bucket through theopening 20. A stop 23 is attached to the bucket and extends into thepath of the valve 21 to limit the movement in one direction and preventthe valve from being fully opened.

By employing the valves the resistance of the air or water at the returnstroke is materially decreased, while the force of the forward stroke isnot diminished.

Mounted for rotation through each of the tubular shafts is a rock shaft2% extending at its ends beyond the ends of the tubular shafts. At theinner end, each of the rock shafts 2% is provided with an operatinglever 25 preferably provided with a stop pawl 26 to engage in notches ina segment 27 as shown in Fig. 3 to limit the movement of the lever andto lock it in its adjusted position, as hereafter explained.

Connected to the outer end of each of the shafts 24 are chain pulleys28, the pulleys being provided with chains 29 operating over chainpinions 30 on the pivot shafts 18 of the buckets. By this arrangement,it will be obvious that when the levers 25 are in one position, thebuckets 19 will. be held in position to constantly face with theircurved portions forwardly, and when the lever 25 is reversed inposition, the shafts 2% will be correspondingly rotated and cause thebuckets to be reversed in position through the coaction of the chainwheels and chains, or arrange the buckets with the curved facesrearwardly. It will be understood, that at the same time that thepositions of the buckets are reversed, the motor will likewise bereversed, whereby the buckets may be operated to propel the boat astern,or forwardly as required.

In Figs. 6 and 7, a modification in the manner of reversing the bucketsis shown consisting in providing the shafts 24 with a beveled gear wheel31-and the pivot shafts:

18 with'beveled gears 32. Coacting shafts 33 are mounted for rotation byhangers 34 from the outer frame members 17 and provided with beveledpinions 35 and 36 on gaging respectively with the beveled gears 3132.The shafts 33 are arranged to 0pera-te one above the other or invertical alinement, and consequently, the teeth of the gear 31 andpinions 36 are of the oblique order as illustrated in Fig. 6. By thisarrangement, it will be obvious that when the shaft 24 is actuated bythe levers 25, the motion of the gears 31 will be transmitted to thepinion shafts 1S and reverse the position of the buckets in the samemanner as heretofore described.

In Fig. 8 another modified construction is shown in which the inner endsof the shafts 24: are headed as shown at 37 and mounted for rotation insuitable sockets or seats in the inner ends of the tubular shafts 12.EX- tending between the confronting ends of the tubular shafts, is aconnectin section or shaft 38 having an enlargement 39 at one end whichforms a stop for the enlarged end 37 of one of the shafts 2st, andprovided with an enlargement 10 at the other end which serves as a stopto the enlarged end 37 of the other shaft 21. The member 38 is providedwith bearings at its ends adjacent to the enlargements 39-4O to engagein the bearings of the standards 13. The member 38 is provided with achain pulley 41 over which a chain 42 leads from the chain wheel 16 ofthe motor. It will be noted in the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 that thetubular shafts 12 and the member 38 are rigidly coupled together so thatthe rotary motion of the motor is imparted constantly to both of thetubular shafts, which are thus arranged to operate togther.

In the modification shown in Fig. 8, the chain drive illustrated in Fig.1 is employed, but attached to the outer ends of each of the shafts 24is a crank arm 13, from which pull cables '-l4- 45 lead, as shown.Mounted upon the hull 10 of the boat, preferably rearwardly of the motor11 are standards LG-4L7 carrying wheel like devices 4.84.9. The cable 41 is arranged to be wound upon a drum on the standard 46, while thecable 45 is arranged to be wound upon a drum upon the standard 47. Thestandards are thus rotatable independently of each other and areindependently connected through the cables with the shafts 24. The cableleads over a guide pulley 51 supported by a bracket 52 from the hull ofthe boat, while the cable 44: passes over a guide pulley 53 supported bya suitable bracket 54 from the hull of the boat. By this arrangement, itwill be obvious that the re versal of the buckets may be accomplished bymanipulating the wheel like devices 4-748. If the devices 4l748 beactuated simultaneously, the buckets at each side will be simultaneouslyreversed but as the wheel devices are operative independently, thebuckets at one side may be reversed from those at the other.

In Figs 9 and 10 the improved device is shown applied for a flyingmachine in which 55 represents the framework for the wings, not shown,and 56 the car for the motor and aviator. IVhen applied to a flyingmachine the shaft 24: is mounted upon the frame 55 above the car 56, andcarries the buckets 19 and the operating mechanism, the latter beingarranged at each side of the car 56 and driven by belts 15 from themotor, the latter not shown, as it forms no part of the presentinvention.

lVhen thus employed the buckets 19 take the place of the ordinary screwpropeller device.

The buckets in the modified structur shown in Figs. 9 and 10 are shownarranged to be actuated independently, as in the other forms of thedevice, one set of the buckets may be actuated and the other heldstationary, or the buckets operated in opposite directions to accomplishthe rapid turning of the flying machine when required, and like wise toenable the aviator to cause the ma-.

chine to travel in any required directions or to turn rapidly.

In Fig. 11 the improved device is shown applied to the hull of a vesselbelow the water line, the level of the water being indicated by thefinely spaced lines above the propeller mechanism. When thus employed nochange whatever is required in the hull of a vessel, the shafts 2 1being located at a lower point in the hull than when employed as shownin Figs. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 12 the improved device is shown arranged as a ventilatingapparatus and located within an opening in a wall, a portion of which isrepresented at 57. The shaft 24 is located transversely of the opening,and the buckets 19 are arranged to rotate within the opening as shown.In this modification the motor 11 is located at any convenient point andarranged to actuate the shaft 2 1 and the buckets-by a belt 15.

In Figs. 13 and 14.- another modified arr'angement of the drivingmechanism is shown, which may be employed, if preferred. In thisarrangement, the arms 17 are attached to and rotate with shafts 57, oneonly being shown, which extend through the sides of the hull 10 andoperate within sleeves 58, mounted for rotation in the hull,

each provided with a suitable packingde vice 59.

Each sleeve 58 is supported by a suitable bracket 60, and mounted uponthe inner end of each shaft 57 is a chain wheel 61 from which the chains15 lead to the motor as in the form of structure shown in Figs. 13 and8.

The chain wheels 28 are connected to rotate with the sleeves 58 andcarry the chains 29, as in the form of structure shown in Figs. 1-3 and8.

In the modified structure shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the chains 29 arelocated between the hull 10 and the inner sets of the arms 17.

Mounted for oscillation upon each standard 60 and spaced from the shaft57 and sleeves 58, are stub shafts 62 carrying chain wheels 63 connectedby chains 6 k to a chain wheel. 65, the latter being fast on the sleeve59. An operating lever 66 is connected to each of the stub shafts 62, toactuate the latter. Each lever 66 is provided with a stop pawl device 67cooperating with a toothed segment 68. The mechanism shown in Figs. 13and 14 operates in precisely the same manner and accomplishes the sameresults as the mechanism shown in Figs. 1-3 and 8, and does notconstitute'a departure from the principle of the invention or sacrificeany of its advantages.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a propelling mechanism, a supporting body, hollow shafts mountedupon said body and extending from opposite sides thereof and each havingradially directed arms, buckets mounted for oscillation relatively tosaid arms, a rock shaft extending through each of said hollow shafts,means for rotating said hollow shafts, means 0perative by said rockshafts for maintaining said buckets with their open sides in constantvertical position, a crank arm carried by each of said rock shafts,means for independently operating said crank arms to cause theoscillation of said rock shafts to reverse the position of said buckets.

2. In a propelling mechanism, a supporting body, hollow shafts mountedupon said body and extending from opposite sides thereof and each havingradially directed arms, buckets mounted for oscillation relative to saidarms, a rock shaft extending througheach of said hollow shafts, meansfor rotating said hollow shafts, means operative by saidrock shaft formaintaining said buckets with their open sides in constant verticalposition, a crank arm carried by each of said rock shafts, a pull cableconnected to each of said crank. arms, and means for applying strainindependently to said pull cables.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

JAMES A. HORNE. a s.]

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

